Barbarossa Essays - Field Marshals Of Nazi Germany, Free Essays

Barbarossa Essays - Field Marshals Of Nazi Germany, Free Essays Barbarossa When Germany invaded Russia in 1941, they did so neither near-sighted or as a ?back-handed? diplomatic ploy. While Russia remained a key objective to Hitler, it was also seen as a necessity for long-term victory and survival in Europe for Germany. ?Plan Yellow?, as developed by Field Marshal Erich von Manstein, called upon the pre-emptive strike against an imperialistic Russia, using speed and superior leadership as keys to victory. To always remember the axiom: ?History is written by the conquerers,? is key to the history of the German-Russian War 1941-1945. This paper intends to not only convey the necessity and the upside of a German attack and subsequent victorys but also the Russian Army?s offense stance of 1941. As Field Marshal Fedor von Bock wrote in his diaries ?A sense of fright came over the OKH? (German High Command) ?With no more enemies, who do we wait for to fight? Alas they had been waiting for us.? Germany in 1941 had reached a high point. The German economy, bolstered by it?s newly conquered lands, stood by itself with no equal. The citizenery had not witnessed victory like 1939-1941 since the day of Fredrich the Great. Germany, bolstered by such a booming economy and national morale, had yet to truly begin it?s ?witch-hunts,? nor had any of it?s concentration camps. While Jews were politically and often violently blamed and attacked for Germany?s ills, Hitler and the Nazi regime had at this point not begun the holocaust nor the mass killings. Most of Europe belonged to the Axis powers and Field Marshal Erwin Rommel?s Afika Korps, and the Italian Army had beaten the Allies to the far reaches of Africa. Mexico was being courted by the Axis diplomats and Brazil had remained nuetral, but swayed to Germany, (it?s imperialist conquerer). Japan had taken much of China and had moved towards Australia. Germany had no equal: economically, militarily, and no threat of one. The reasons for an invasion of Russia are many, but very simply, in all respects it made perfect sense to retain and protect the security and future of Germany. Contrary to most opinions, Germany was not embroiled in a two-front war in 1941, mainly because of Britain?s inability to bring significant pressure to bear on Germany by land, sea, or air during the proposed time period of ?Plan Yellow.? The naval blockade of German sea ports was failing miserably as the German empire was overly sufficient without imports. Britain?s traditional ?trump card?: sea power and naval blockades of German ports would be rendered obsolete by a victory in European Russia. If Germany defeated or eliminated Russia from the war, any British posture, even with the support of their empire would be meaningless in the face of German control of the fuel, iron, ore and agricultural resources of the entire continent. Britain would be at a complete loss and it would be her economy to collapse. Britain?s only option for obtaining critical materials, or victory of any sort, would appear to be in Africa. However, German air and ground forces freed from the continent (inner France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslavakia), could easily be diverted to Africa to prevent this. The destruction and conquest of European Russia would not only provide Germany with immense resources and capabilities to expand those resources, but it would also make Britain unable to carry on a fruitless war. Hitler?s Lebensraum, or literally ?living space?, is misleading as Germany was not overcrowded and had conquered an immense buffer zone against her enemies and neighbors. Lebensraum sought resources- iron, ore, fuel, food, factory space- it did not have inside the boundaries imposed in the Versailles Treaty of 1917. Hitler, in each of his military endeavors sought out these necessary resources above military strategy, even above diplomatic means. Hitler had so handily conquered Poland, annexed both Austria and Czechoslavakia, defeated Belgium, and a large British Expeditionary Force, and France so quickly.The entire armed forces working brilliantly enough to overrun Norway, nuetralize Britain, and their U-Boats disrupting sea supply lines from America, Hitler turned to the showdown with Soviet Russia. In late 1940 Hitler suggested to a friendly Russia that she enter and join the German-Italian Pact of Steel. The negotiations over the spoils of

An Ontological Essay from the Perspective of Tanabe Hajime’s Metanoetics Essay Example

An Ontological Essay from the Perspective of Tanabe Hajime’s Metanoetics Essay Example An Ontological Essay from the Perspective of Tanabe Hajime’s Metanoetics Essay An Ontological Essay from the Perspective of Tanabe Hajime’s Metanoetics Essay An Ontological Essay from the Perspective ofTanabe Hajime’s Metanoetics Abstraction:As we follow the manner of metanoetics, or philosophical manner of penitence, emptiness will come up as the true topographic point of the political and religious. We Begin from the cardinal inquiriesWhat is being? What am I? What is the sense and intent of my being? What is my relationship with everything else that is?In seeking to reply these inquiries we found that the ontological, religious and political coexist in emptiness, attesting themselves as the conditions of the true human manner of being: in an interconnection with all comparative egos. Introduction: On emptiness and the ontological skyline. Long has passed since doctrine stopped being a echt concern about how to live in the rational sense, every bit good as the moral and the simply matter-of-fact. What will here be set Forth is non a method or a philosophy, non even a system foreign to the West, for the development of metanoetics as a doctrine must be lived- rather than understood1. For that, one must non merely read the corresponding literature, as could be the instance of this research paper, but must put itself up face to face with the bounds of our being in the universe, i.e. , our human status. a. The philosophical significance of A†ºA «nyatA? . That which determines us as human existences is beyond anything that might exceed cultural, cultural, spiritual or sexual barriers. By this we mean that we are looking for a status that does non imply a first individual. A theory of the human passions, for illustration, requires the passions themselves- universal as they may be- to be attached to aegothat identifies them as such, that holds them throughout clip, and organizes them spatiotemporally. This manner, they conform an individuality that lasts and ever holds a protagonist portion. This individuality is calledegoand is itself a substance. Theegoas a substance is understood as â€Å"a manner of being harmonizing to which an entity preserves itself 1 Tanabe Hajime tells us in the foreword toDoctrine as Metanoetics,aˆâ€ ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã¢â‚¬ e?â€Å"aa?-a? ¦a? ®aâ€Å"?a ­Ã‚ ¦aˆ? (ZangedA? to shite no tetsugaku) , published in 1945, that he found himself in a moral and philosophical quandary: on one manus, as a philosopher, wise man and moral mention to his pupils, he should knock the patriot and imperial political stance of 2nd universe war Japan: a political stance that was taking 100s of Nipponese citizens to their decease for the incorrect ideals. On the other manus, as a good citizen of the Nipponese Empire, he did non with to disgrace his state fueling the sezession motions that would split a state in a clip of crisis. Therefore, faced with such impotence and weakness to get the better of the moral demands of such fortunes, he resigned to his chair in doctrine and fled to the mountains to reflect on his powerlessness. From this experience arisesmetanoeticsas a doctrine.Vid. Hajime Tanabe, Doctrine as Metanoetics, erectile dysfunction. James W. Heisig, trans. Takeuchi Yoshinori, James W. Heisig, and Valdo Viglielmo,Nazan Studies in Religion and Culture( Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986 ) . pp. xlix-lxii self-identically† 2. We look for something that does non mention to one or another peculiar human being, non even to the topic in general as a nonnatural structure3, but instead to a human manner of being â€Å" that does non acknowledge grasping by the ego†4. Buddhist idea has called this manner of being, which transcends subjectiveness as a substance,emptiness(A†ºA «nyatA?, in Sanskrit, c ©? (kA «) in Nipponese ) 5. We must first understand whatA†ºA «nyatA?agencies. Nishitani Keiji tells us: â€Å"Emptiness in the sense of A†ºA «nyatA?is emptiness merely when it empties itself even of the point of view that represents it as some â€Å"thing† that is emptiness†6. Therefore, because of this, merely on the point of view of emptiness can we â€Å" become manifest in our ainsuchness7 as concrete human existences, as persons with both organic structure and personality. And at the same clip, it is the point at which everything around us becomes manifest in its ainsuchness†8 If emptiness is man’s and everything else’ssuchness, and is besides, â€Å"in Buddhism â€Å"non-ego† [ c„‘ (muga) ] †9 we could reason that man’s true nature does non come to be from the point of view of subjectiveness as we understand it now, but possibly from the point of view of a non-subjective subjectiveness in the sense that Nishitani speaks of a personal impersonality10 ; or in the sense in which Masao Abe says that the â€Å"unachievable itself is the true Self†.11 2 Keiji Nishitani,Religion and Nothingness, trans. Jan Van Bragt,Nazan Studies in Religion and Culture ( Berkeley: University Of California Press, 1983 ) . p. 112 3 â€Å"The propositionI think[ †¦ ] contains the signifier of any of understanding’s judgements as such and accompanies all classs as their vehicle. Immanuel Kant,Critique of Pure Reason, trans. Werner S. Pluhar ( Indianapolis: Hackett, 1996 ) . (KrV) p. 387, A 348 of the academy edition. 4 Nishitani,Religion and Nothingness. p. 107. 5 It is of import to maintain in head that c ©? (kA «) , emptiness, is non the same as c„? (mu) , nothingness. The 2nd term, harmonizing to Van Bragt’s glossary, refers to the western void of Heidegger and Sartre (Nichts, neant) as a comparative void. Merely when we speak of absolute nothingness c µÃ‚ ¶ac„? (zettai mu) , can we place nothingness and emptiness. Tanabe uses the term ‘absolute nothingness’ while Nishitani utilizations ‘emptiness’ . Our rubric retains the Sanskrit for aesthetic grounds. Harmonizing to our statement, absolute void and emptiness refer to the same vacuity.Vid.The glossary entries â€Å"Emptiness [ c ©?kA «] † and â€Å"Nothingness [ c„?mu] † in the glossaries ofibid. pp. 296 y 300 severally, and James W. Heisig, Thomas P. Kasulis, and John C. Maraldo, eds. ,Nipponese Doctrine: A Sourcebook,Nanzan Library of Asiatic Reilgion and Culture( Capital of hawaii: University of Hawaii, 2011 ) . pp. 1252 and 1259, severally every bit good as â€Å"absolute nothingness† p. 1249. 6 Nishitani,Religion and Nothingness. p. 96. The topic, allow us remember Kant, can merely stand for itself objects through the purea prioriintuitions of clip and infinite. ( Kant,Krv. B73 ) it can non stand for to itself anything that is non itself in a clip and infinite. The topic could merely stand for emptiness as a â€Å"thing† . For Kant, emptiness can non be represented, for this would intend that we could hold the representation of pure intuition of infinite as such. 7 The term suchness in Nipponese is a ¦Ã¢â‚¬Å¡a ®Y (nyojitsu) . a ¦Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ (nyo) , which means â€Å"like† , â€Å"such† , â€Å"thus† and a ®Y (jitsu) , which means â€Å"truth† .Vid.Nishitani,Religion and Nothingness. p. 304 â€Å"Suchness† 8 Ibid. p. 90 ( Italics ours ) 9Ibid. pp. 33 and 300. 10 Nishitani explains that he is non â€Å"Using the term â€Å"impersonal, † in its ordinary sense, as the opposite word of personal† but that it refers to something elemental, more basic than the â€Å"personal† [ †¦/†¦ ] A quality is implied here oftranspersonality, orimpersonality.† Subsequently he says, â€Å"The non-differentiating love that makes the Sun rise on the immorality every bit good as the good, on the enemy every bit good as the ally, contains, as we said, the quality of non-ego. [ †¦ ] The Sun in the sky makes no picks approximately where to reflect its beams [ †¦ ] There is no selfishness in its polishing. This deficiency of selfishness is what is meant by non-ego, oremptiness(A†ºA «nyatA?) †ibid. pp. 40, 59-60. 11 Masao Abe,Zen and Western Thought( Capital of hawaii: University of Hawaii Press, 1985 ) . p. 12 Nishitani does non touch accidentally to a locative position when he says â€Å"the point of view ofA†ºA «nyatA?† . Emptiness must non be understood as a ‘thing’ , but as a topographic point a †°Ã‹â€  (basho) .12 Heisig explains what Nishida understands asbashoas follows: â€Å"The topographic pointof this logic refers every bit much to where one is coming from as to where one is traveling. It is non a affair merely of bodily location† . 13 This suggests that adult male, on one manus ‘comes’ from atopographic pointdifferent to this concentric point of view, to which it wishes to return, and, on the other, it is bound to this ‘standpoint of subjectivity’ . The inability to dwell in thetopographic pointof emptiness, the non being able to travel back to our home-ground14, to our naturalness (jinen hA?nen) 15, because of self-attachment ; the ultimate inability to exceed our ainego,is our human status. B. The ontological skyline Thetopographic pointof emptiness is a topographic point where theegois continuously displaced. The inability to brood in thetopographic pointof emptiness belongs to anontological skylinethat ever determines our experience. The skyline is perceived as being in the far distance by the egoistic subjectiveness due to the fact that it is foreign to its point of view. In the metaphysical tradition, that which illuminates the skyline, that presence, has been called being,and the darkness that limits this visible radiation, that stands â€Å"behind† the line of the skyline has been calledvoid. However, the visible radiation that vanishes behind the skyline does non disappear ; it becomes morning behind the skyline. Our human status entails non being able to see the entirety of being or being â€Å"as a whole† 16 and therefore remain standing ashore looking to that skyline and separating objects in the darkness of void. First, the universe appears under the strategy of representation, that is, as objects set up in a clip and infinite ; objects that are already at that place in a universe governed by the rule of sufficient ground.Self-naturepushes theegoto indulge in existences themselves17. Returning to theKernel of TruthHeidegger provinces: â€Å"Precisely in the grading and planning of this 12Vid.entry â€Å"topographic point(basho) † in the glossary of Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo, eds. ,Nipponese Doctrine: A Sourcebook. p. 1260. 13 James W. Heisig, The Religious Philosophy of the Kyoto School, inThe Religious Philosophy of Hajime Tanabe. The Metanoetic Imperative, erectile dysfunction. James Heisig and Taitetsu Unno,Nazan Studies in Religion and Culture( Fremont, CA: Asiatic Humanities Press, 1990 ) .p. 29. 14 a‚‚a (moto) in Nipponese.Vid.the glossary entry for â€Å"Ground† in Nishitani,Religion and Nothingness. pp. 297-8. 15 â€Å"Literally being what one is oneself in virtuousness of the Dharma that makes things to be what they are† Tanabe,Doctrine as Metanoetics. p. 299 n. 2 This term besides relates to the impression of  ¬c„?a?ˆc†°Ã‚ © ihonrai-muichimotsu) which means that things have nil by nature, that is, nil if qualities are merely given by the thought transcendental topic, for without the topic there are no qualities. Then adult male should non hold anything by nature, when idea of apart of its nonnatural representative topic strategy. 16 This impression besides appears in Martin Heidegger, On the Essence of Truth, inBasic Hagiographas, erectile dysfunction. David Farrell Krell ( New York: Harper Perennial Modern Thought, 2008 ) . â€Å"However, from the point of position of mundane computations and preoccupations this â€Å"as a whole† appears to be incalculable and inexplicable. It can non be understood on the footing of the existences opened up in any given instance [ †¦ ] † P. 129. 17 We take this penetration chiefly from Martin Heidegger, What Is Metaphysics? , inBasic Hagiographas, erectile dysfunction. David Farrell Krell ( New York: Harper Perennial Modern Thought, 2008 ) . pp. 94-5. omniscience, this mere knowing, the openedness of being gets flattened out into the evident void into what is no longer even a affair of indifference, but is simply forgotten.†18. Our inquiries go beyond the existences themselves, beyond representation. Merely as Heidegger inWas ist Metaphysik?we wonder for an original19 void, which we have called absolute void or emptiness. We shall endeavour to clear up that in the following subdivision. II. The Topographic point of Nothingness Harmonizing toWhat is Metaphysicss?In scientific oppugning â€Å"The relation to the universe that pervades all the scientific disciplines as such Lashkar-e-Taibas them- each harmonizing to its peculiar content and manner of being- seek existences in themselves in order to do them objects of probe and to find their grounds.†20 â€Å"Science- says Heidegger subsequently on- wants to cognize nil of the nothing.†21 Nishitani, nevertheless, says the followers: â€Å"Nothingness† is by and large forced into a relationship with â€Å"being† and made to function as its negation, taking to its construct as something that â€Å"is† nil because it â€Å"is not† being. This seems to be particularly apparent in Western idea, even in the â€Å"nihility of nihilism.†22 Let us be clear so: harmonizing to this position, void is merely something in resistance to being. That is, it is a complement to the binary compound being/nothingness. Nothingness is â€Å"nonbeing pure and simple†23, or â€Å"The complete negation of the entirety of being† 24 of which scientific discipline wants to cognize nil about, because it merely cares about being, which begs Heidegger to inquire the inquiry â€Å"But when we give up the nil in such a manner, do we non profess it? †25 In this essay, the nil or nothingness appears as a force that breaks the composure and the sense of being ; as an â€Å"indeterminateness of that in the face of which and for which we become dying [ it ] is no mere deficiency of finding, but instead the indispensable impossibleness of finding it†26. In nothingness â€Å"All things and we ourselves sink into indifference. [ †¦ ] The fadeout of existences as a whole that closes in on us in anxiousness oppresses us. We can acquire no clasp on things.

Introduction about Salmonella Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Introduction about Salmonella - Assignment Example In the early periods of the 19th century, typhoid was basically defined on the basis of its symptoms and clinical signs. Literally, every enteric fever was categorized as typhoid. During 1880s, Eberth became the first person to observe the typhoid bacillus in parts of the spleen as well as in the mesenteric lymph nodes from a person who had succumbed to typhoid (Todar, 2009). Robert Koch later confirmed Eberth’s discovery and cultivated the bacterium in 1881. In 1896, it was established that typhoid bacillus agglutinated the bacterial cells causing typhoid using the serum of animal blood. The same result replicated in patients suffering from typhoid and thus, serodiagnosis of typhoid became a possibility in 1896 (Todar, 2009). Proper development of complete genome ensures effective classification of disease-causing organisms (pathogens) and their hosts. The classification of the genus salmonella has undergone considerable changes over many years as the methods of identificatio n methods keep improving with time (Liu, 2011). In 1946, Kaufmann White developed a scheme that enabled distinguishing of Salmonella serovars based on their O, H as well as Vi antigens (Todar, 2009). According to Warrell et al. (2005), the genome of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. ... The impacts of Salmonella enterica serovarTyphi range from health to economic devastations. When an individual consumes contaminated water, the symptoms of typhoid fever are likely to manifest after a short while. Typhoid fever is usually connected with systemic fever, loss of appetite, nausea or vomiting, which is usually followed with diarrhea. If left untreated for a very long period of time, the disease could cause death in humans. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is most prevalent in developing nation where poor sanitation leads to contamination of water for drinking. As such Salmonella enterica serovarTyphi is one of the contributors to high health spending in different parts of the world. According to Crump, Luby and Mintz (2004), typhoid fever is a burden worldwide and causes about 16 million illnesses and more than 600, 000 fatalities every year. Introduction Closest Relatives of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi and Their Features There is no clear understanding of the gen etic basis of the distinctions in host tropism that exist between serovars and wide host range. The genetic changes that come with evolutionary changes in the serovars include the build-up of mobile components and pseudogenes together with the arrangement of chromosomes and deletion that causes the reduction in the genome (Porwollik, 2011). One close relative of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. According to Todar (2009), Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is â€Å"a Gram-negative facultative rod-shaped bacterium in the same proteobacterial family as Escherichia coli, the family Enterobacteriaceae, trivially known as "enteric" bacteria† (Todar,

Business Level Cooperative Strategy Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Level Cooperative Strategy - Term Paper Example According to the study findings  strategic alliances can be defined as co-operative agreement and arrangements between the two or more partners, and hence, the co-operative relationship management is one of the prime requirements in strategic alliances.   The strategies aim to meet this requirement are known as the business level co-operative strategies. Co-operation is one of the basic attributes of the strategic alliances and the partners must have a clear understanding of this attribute for framing a set of business level co-operative strategy. Kwok and Hampson have identified the very specific parameters to measure and frame the co-operative strategies in case of strategic alliances. Firstly, the level of co-operation should be out of any kind of mutual desire or need. Secondly, a partner must co-operate for sharing risk. Thirdly, partners’ co-operation should determine a strong foundation for business growth. Finally, the co-operation must aim to minimize â€Å"the l ikelihood of opportunistic behavior†.This paper highlights that  the need for greater consolidation within the highly capital intensive aerospace and defense industry segment has paved the way for greater alliance and collaboration among various organizations for an effective supply chain management.  The need to develop high-end research has also promulgated the need to have greater strategic alliances with international partners.  For example, the NATO partners are actively trying to enter into greater collaborations and strategic alliances with the US and European companies in a bid to improve upon the efficiency of the companies.

Application of Wireless Technology in the Educational System Essay

Application of Wireless Technology in the Educational System - Essay Example Contemporary advancements are continued in wireless technology devices such as cell phones, personal digital assistants (PDA), wirelessly networked handheld computers, wireless laptop technology, wireless sensor network employed in distance learning and education. The development of the wireless technology has broad impact on all the areas of information technology. Our way of living, communication, social prospect, and different aspects of collaborative environment are totally transformed into new enhanced operational areas. Now we are more informed and tightly linked to people and global event. These radical transformations also affect the educational sector. The trend of the distance learning and wireless technology incorporation in this sector has offered learners huge advantages. Now they have access to more up-to-date knowledge and information as compared to the past (Shelly, Cashman, & Vermaat, 2005). The educational sector has extensively influenced by the new technology transformation. There are huge opportunities regarding new educational system which are generated due to the radical transformations in internet and wireless technology. According to (Mamoukaris & Economides, 2003), the wireless networks technology will play a significant role in educational sector. The communications structures of wireless networks frequently are paying attention on new wireless ad-hoc networks technology. They will offer liberty from place restrictions, dynamic interaction, flexibility, adaptive architecture and scalable multicast services (Mamoukaris & Economides, 2003). The research of (Mamoukaris & Economides, 2003) has outlined that one of main and more attractive services of the wireless network is group communication. Modern educational models as well as wireless structures have been intended to develop mutual training. The new technology of the wireless network is the ad-hoc wireless ne tworks those are multi-hop wireless

Ethical Issues Facing Uber

Ethical Issues Facing Uber Introduction This report deals with UBER’s company profile, ethical dilemmas or issues facing the company and suggestions or recommendations from how to overcome these issues. This report also deals with how the company is becoming a safety hazard for the society, despite the increase in demand for their services as well as the accusations it is facing from all sides of society.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"UBER Technologies Inc. is an American multinational online transportation network company headquartered in San Francisco, California. It develops markets and operates the UBER mobile app, which allows consumers with Smartphone’s to submit a trip request which is then routed to UBER drivers who use their own cars. As of May 28, 2015, the service was available in 58 countries and 300 cities worldwide. Since UBERs launch, several other companies have copied its business model, a trend that has come to be referred to as UBERification.†[1] Despite its increase in demand for the services, UBER is facing many law suits and protests all over the world. UBER has been avoiding its responsibility towards society by neglecting its code of conduct and ethical code by participating in unethical practices. Its main goal is to expand and increase its market share and ignoring its corporate responsibility. UBER has been subjected to many law suits and ethical issues. The following are few of the ethical issues which are highlighted: Ethical issues Passenger Safety: According to New York Times, many UBER drivers have been convicted with sexual harassment and sexually assaulting of the passengers.   One of the reasons for this is improper background checks of the UBER drivers. Also, there are no proper set criteria for the requirements to become a driver and for the vehicle to be used by drivers. Many cases have been filled against UBER drivers involving in unethical practices such as sexual harassment, rapes and sexual assaults and so on with the passengers.   Other cases against drunk drivers driving UBER and misbehaving with passengers have also been registered in recent times. Some of the recent incidents are as following: A passenger in Chicago accused an UBER driver of sexually assaulting her.In Jan 2016, another case was filed in Chicago where an UBER driver was arrested for being suspect of kidnapping a drunken passenger and then taking her to a hotel for sexual assault. In London, a case had been registered against a UBER driver who sexually harassed a woman and ask her to perform oral sex. Security of Drivers: Recently many cases have been filed against the security of UBER’s drivers from passengers which include beating up of drivers, misbehaving with drivers and assaults of drivers etc. UBER is not taking proper actions for the security of its drivers. Many times, an UBER driver’s vehicle has been damaged by passengers but no proper responsibility has been taken by UBER for the protection of drivers. Some of the recent incidents relating to this are: On Nov 3, 2015, a drunken passenger in California assaults UBER driver over the weekend. Although the passenger lost his job as corporate manager at Taco Bell after the video was publicly released, UBER did not take any action to stop this kind of incident.Another recent incident happened on Jan 1, 2016 in Miami, when a Doctor in Florida aggressively attacked UBER driver. Some recorded the video of the incident and video got viral. Doctor was placed on administrative leave from hospital but nothing has been done from UBER’s side. Privacy Recently, UBER has been accused of keeping track of their customers with the help of smart phone app. The tracking system which the company is using to keep a track on its customers is called as ‘God View’, with which they can access the customer’s contacts and send an advertisement about their services. One can argue that the people are monitored by police departments too. But there is a moral difference. Police departments keep on track in order to maintain peace in the society whereas UBER is trying to expand its market range or business interests. In June 2015, EPIC (Electronic Privacy Information Center), a non-profit organization headquartered at Washington D.C filed an official complaint on UBER about its misuse of customer’s privacy terms.[2]   Recruitment and Unethical Conduct of Employees: UBER is accused of following unethical recruitment and unethical behavior of its employees. UBER has hired some employees as brand ambassadors and provided them with credit cards in order to create a duplicate account with its competitors and to lure their drivers. This program is termed as SLOG (Supplying Long-term Operations Growth) by UBER.[3] UBER has also been accused of unethical behavior of its employees. In UBER, employees are encouraged to book the competitor services and cancel the order once they get the confirmation for the ride. The main competitor Lyft which is identifiable with pink mustaches has released information that the UBER employees have booked and cancelled approximately 5000 rides in time range of few months. Here the competitor has to face double losses of less number of customers and unnecessary expenses on going to the pick-up, place only to turn back with no customer. Here the question of unethical behavior as well as violation of fair competition laws arises.[4] Unethical leadership at UBER: First, CEO of UBER, Travis Kalanick admits to trying to torpedo funding efforts of his biggest rival, Lyft. He was also quoted admitting that his company tried to talk investors out of raising money for Lyft. Second, CEO Kalanick has also referred to his company as â€Å"Boob-er† by which he meant that running UBER has helped him meet girls. Bloomberg was quoted by talking about the CEO as â€Å"He can behave, gleefully, like a feral frat boy dreamed up by Ayn Rand; his mission statement runs to some variation of â€Å"you know, push a button and get around San Francisco like ballers.†[5] Finally I would like to conclude by saying that if ethics start at the top, then tone at the top certainly matters a great deal. Kalanick clearly needs some help with what it means to be an ethical leader, setting an example for his growing empire. UBER Poaching Competitors Drivers: â€Å"Independent contractors for UBER apparently use burner phones tied to dummy accounts, with instructions to vary the locations from which they order car rides from their main competitor, Lyft. Once in the car, the contractors apparently try to figure out whether drivers can be persuaded to switch loyalties to UBER, and in some markets can apparently offer them a sign-up kit on the spot. The latest documents shed new light on practices that Lyft has been complaining about it for some time, including in a CNN Money report this month in which the company claimed that 177 UBER workers had ordered and canceled more than 5,000 rides. That and other reports have framed those canceled rides as a form of sabotage. If someone orders a ride and then cancels it, it costs the driver the time, money and aggravation of going to the pick-up location to meet a rider who isn’t there.†[6] Recommendations: Passenger’s Safety As there are dozens of law suits filled over UBER’s passenger safety regarding the number of sexual harassments attempts over the passengers higher authorities in UBER should think of installing a new app that once opened in the time of emergency during any assaults in the transit time that will send calls and messages directly to the police control room or the any five relatives or the friends of the passengers as a signal of some assaults taking place at that very time. Security of Drivers Lots of incidents have been reported about assaults over drivers like beating up of drivers, abusing and misbehaving etc. However the company failed to take any measure to ensure the security of the drivers. UBER should take necessary actions for the assaults happening over the drivers like they should ask the driver to install security cameras and a disclaimer is sent via messages to the customers when they book rides saying â€Å"we value our customers, Assaults are public offenses, Violators will be prosecuted† and in case something wrong happens with the drivers UBER should take strict actions. Privacy Issues Firstly, There should be certain laws over the UBER so that the company is limited to the type of data that it collects for example payment information which is required by the company as a part of travel information but beyond these categories the company should be able to show or prove rights and reasonable comments over the collection of personal data. Secondly, UBER is required to delete all the records of the customer that it requires at the time customers uses the UBER services. For obvious reasons that once the ride is completed it should delete the customer’s information. UBER should really hire third party associates in order to verify the driver’s background check in order to ensure that further there are no more assaults from the drivers over the customers. Unethical conduct of employees For UBER to sustain for longer term and to be in the competition they should think of practicing and implementing new strategies to increase the business not by making fake accounts and to order fake rides from other competitors to decrease their business to make their own business more profitable. Such steps could be very harmful for long term business of a company as these cases will increase the business risk in terms of customer’s royalty.   Ã‚   References http://wtnh.com/2016/01/22/florida-UBER-driver-attack-caught-on-camera/ http://www.cbsnews.com/news/after-attacking-UBER-driver-passenger-sues-him-for-5m/ http://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-rising-safety-issues-that-could-throttle-UBER/ http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/the-complicated-politics-UBER http://money.cnn.com/2014/11/21/technology/UBER-ethics-oped/ http://money.cnn.com/2014/11/18/technology/UBER-unethical-peter-thiel/ http://www.icmrindia.org/casestudies/catalogue/Business%20Ethics/UBER_Rising_Valuations_Amidst_Ethical_Woes-Excerpts.htm http://www.consciouscompanymagazine.com/blogs/press/22766337-the-missing-link-at-UBER-ethics-innovation-conscious-capitalism https://www.tnwinc.com/9334/UBER-needs-business-ethics-training/ http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?id=16035 [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UBER_(company) [2] http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?id=16035 [3]http://www.icmrindia.org/casestudies/catalogue/Business%20Ethics/UBER_Rising_Valuations_Amidst_Ethical_Woes-Excerpts.htm [4] https://www.tnwinc.com/9334/UBER-needs-business-ethics-training/ [5] http://www.ethical-leadership.co.uk/UBER/ [6] http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/28/upshot/UBERs-secret-agents-was-poaching-from-lyft-unethical.html?_r=0

Ethics and Information Systems Essay -- essays research papers

Questions of Ethics In Computer Systems and Their Future 1) Identify and discuss security issues and considerations evident for Information Systems And computerization in the brokerage industry. ( Think about how the Internet has already influenced trading.) "The technology is getting ahead of regulators" claims David Weissman, director of money and technology at Forrester Research Inc., in Cambridge, Mass. If one is to believe the quote above it sounds very ominous for the regulators and the government to attempt to even bring this media under any kind of regulation. But, what is it that they the government agencies truly are looking to regulate? If you take to the argument that this media, the Internet is truly a public access network, then the control to which they would like to extend to it would be the most regulated public access system in history. What I believe the attempt here is to regulate through censorship. Since it is almost impossible to censor the phone networks without actually eaves dropping on your phone, they have decided to regulate and censor your written word. The danger in this is what you write as an opinion may be construed by that government regulator as a violation of some regulatory act. The flip side to this is if you did this through another medium such as the phone system nothing would ever come it. The bigger question here is how much government do people want in there lives? The Internet was brought into the picture for the public as the next great technology of this century. It is without a doubt as big if not bigger than any other public means of communication that has come before it. With that in mind I think the government is trying to extract it's pound of flesh for what they believe is missed revenue dollars that could be made in the form of tax regulations. "There are probably insiders touting stocks on the Internet either anonymously or under assumed names," said Mary Schapiro, president of the National Association of Securities Dealers, which oversees the NASDAQ market. The argument that they are both (the government and NASDAQ) currently running with is the "protection of the investor". When one looks at NASDAQ's complaint it is fairly superficial, for them it is clearly a loss of income for their trading enviorment, for the government it is a loss of taxes that could be derived f... ...s or messages because the central computer in the office will know your where abouts in the office at any time as you pass through any door. Your day is over you'll leave instructions fro your computer to watch certain events throughout the night and if need be you could be reached at home. You'll be paid in credits to the credit cards of your choice, there will no longer be money exchanged. To help you protect against fraud on your cards when you spend money you'll use your thumb print as you would your signature now. At night you'll come to a far less stressed enviorment because the computer appliances in your house have taken a lot of the mundane jobs that you use to do away. You'll be able to enjoy high definition TV and be able to receive some 500 channels. After checking with your voice activated home computer to see if there is any phone messages or E-mail, you'll retire to bed of course in you climate controlled home that knows what settings you like in what parts of the house. Oh, yes you won't even have to tell your voice activated computer not to run your computerized sprinkler system for your lawn because it will have realized from the weather report that it will rain.